Structure of the DGB Fundamentals

This volume, Fundamentals, is structured in 16 chapters, as follows:

1. Industrial Air Technology—Description

The introductory chapter to the Design Guidebook describes why more attention should be paid to industrial air technology, the definition and pur­pose of industrial air technology, and the basic system principles.

2. Terminology

This chapter describes the set approach dealing with units, symbols, and definitions, which are essential for providing texts that do not cause confusion by having various chapters that use different symbols relating to the same unit. This chapter provides the common language that is used throughout the book.

3. Design Methodology

Design methodology is the systematic description of the technical design process of industrial air technology as an elementary part of the whole life cy­cle of the industrial plant.

CHAPTER I INDUSTRIAL AIR TECHNOLOGY—DESCRIPTION

4. Physical Fundamentals

This chapter introduces the important topics of fluid flow, properties of gases, heat and mass transfer, and physical/chemical characteristics of contaminants. The aim is to assist all engaged in industrial air technology in understanding the physical background of the issues involved.

5. Physiological and Toxicological Considerations

This chapter introduces fundamentals of human physiology and health re­quirements relevant to the control of indoor environment within industrial buildings.

6. Target Levels

The chapter presents a new concept called target levels. It outlines the role of target levels in the systematic design methodology, the scientific and techni­cal grounds for assessing target levels for key parameters of industrial air tech­nology, and the hierarchy of different target levels, as well as some examples of quantitative targets.

7. Principles of Air and Contaminant Movement inside and around Buildings

This chapter presents the basic processes of air and contaminant move­ment, such as jets, plumes, and boundary flows.

8. Room Air Conditioning

This chapter describes the room air conditioning process, including the in­teraction of different flow elements: room air distribution, heating and cooling methods, process sources, and disturbances. Air handling equipment, including room air heaters, is discussed in the form of “black boxes” as far as possible.

9. Air Handling Processes

This chapter describes the fundamentals of air handling processes and equipment and gives answers to questions relating to the theoretical back­ground of air handling unit and ductwork dimensioning and building energy systems optimization.

10. Local Ventilation

This chapter describes the aerodynamic principles, models, and equations that govern the flow and the contaminant presence and transport in a desig­nated volume of a work room. The purpose of local ventilation is to control the transport of contaminants at or near the source of emission, thus minimiz­ing the contaminants in the workplace air.

11. Modeling Techniques

This chapter describes calculation models for building energy demand and air flow in and around industrial buildings. Special attention is paid to simulation of airborne contaminant control.

Four methods for industrial air technology design are presented: computa­tional fluid dynamics (CFD), thermal building dynamics simulation, multizone

Airflow models, and integrated airflow and thermal modeling. In addition to the basic physics of the problem, the purpose of the methods, recommended applications, limitations, cost and effort, and examples are provided.

12. Experimental Techniques

This chapter covers a description of conventional measurement techniques used in ventilation as well as othe^ related topics such as flow visualization, laser — based measurement techniques, and scale model experiments.

13. Gas Cleaning Technology

This chapter describes the fundamentals of gas cleaning technology in branches of removal of particulates and gaseous compounds. This chapter also includes the fundamentals of particulate and gaseous measurements technology.

14. Pneumatic Conveying

Basic principles of pneumatic conveying and equations are presented. A new pressure loss equation is presented with examples.

15. Environmental Life Cycle Assessment

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a compilation and evaluation of inputs, out­puts, and the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle. The LCA methodology is comprehensively described based on the ISO 14000 series standards. References are also given to LCA information sources.

16. Economic Aspects

Life cycle cost (LCC) calculations are made to make sure that both the purchase price and the operating costs for life cycle are considered in invest­ment decisions. In the chapter the basic calculation methods and sensitivity analysis are introduced. Examples of calculation results and references to LCC information sources are given.

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