ENERGY COST

Energy consumption for energy-using devices and systems is typically the same year after year, if heat exchanger surfaces, filters, pipelines, and other plant items are kept clean.

The present value of future energy costs (Fig. 16.3) can be calculated as

1 [l+(»-p)]"-l

(i-p) [1 + (i-p)T

LCCЈ — Qq

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